Full Name: Winston Hubert McIntosh
Stage Name: Burning Spear
Date of Birth: March 1, 1948
Place of Birth: Saint Ann’s Bay, Jamaica
Genres: Roots Reggae, Dub, Rastafarian Music
Instruments: Vocals, Percussion
Occupation: Musician, Singer-Songwriter
Years Active: 1969–present
Labels: Island, Heartbeat, Burning Music
Associated Acts: The Black Disciples, The Burning Band
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Winston Hubert McIntosh, known professionally as Burning Spear, was born on March 1, 1948, in Saint Ann’s Bay, Jamaica.
Raised in the rural community of Saint Ann, he was deeply influenced by the teachings of Marcus Garvey, particularly his emphasis on Pan-Africanism and self-determination. At the age of 21, McIntosh adopted the name “Burning Spear,” symbolizing his commitment to the Rastafarian movement and its principles.
In 1969, McIntosh sought advice from Bob Marley, who recommended that he approach producer Coxsone Dodd’s Studio One label. This led to the release of his debut single, “Door Peep,” marking the beginning of his professional music career.
Rise to Prominence: The Black Disciples and Marcus Garvey
In the early 1970s, Burning Spear formed The Black Disciples, a group that included bassist Rupert Willington and tenor Delroy Hinds. Their collaboration with producer Jack Ruby resulted in the release of “Marcus Garvey,” a track that became an instant hit and led to the creation of their debut album of the same name in 1975. The album, featuring the backing band The Black Disciples, was released through Island Records and received critical acclaim for its powerful messages and roots reggae sound.
Solo Career and Artistic Evolution
Following the success of “Marcus Garvey,” Burning Spear embarked on a solo career, releasing a series of influential albums that solidified his status as a reggae legend. His 1977 album, Dry & Heavy, is considered a classic in the genre, showcasing his deep Rastafarian beliefs and commitment to roots reggae. The album’s themes of spirituality, social justice, and African identity resonated with audiences worldwide.
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Burning Spear continued to release critically acclaimed albums, including Resistance (1985), People of the World (1986), and Calling Rastafari (1999). The latter earned him his first Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album at the 42nd Annual Grammy Awards in 2000. He received a second Grammy Award for Jah Is Real (2009).
Awards and Recognition
- Grammy Awards: Two-time winner for Best Reggae Album
- Calling Rastafari (2000)
- Jah Is Real (2009)
- Grammy Nominations: Nominated for a total of 12 Grammy Awards, including for albums such as Resistance (1986), People of the World (1988), and Mek We Dweet (1990)
- Order of Distinction: Awarded in 2007 for outstanding contribution to Jamaican music
Discography Highlights
- Marcus Garvey (1975)
- Man in the Hills (1976)
- Dry & Heavy (1977)
- Hail H.I.M. (1980)
- Resistance (1985)
- People of the World (1986)
- Mek We Dweet (1990)
- Calling Rastafari (1999)
- Jah Is Real (2009)
- No Destroyer (2024)
Cultural Impact and Legacy
Burning Spear’s music transcended borders, influencing artists across genres and continents. His commitment to Rastafarian principles and his advocacy for African heritage resonated with audiences seeking spiritual and cultural connection. Beyond music, he was a vocal advocate for artists’ rights, pushing for copyright reforms and the establishment of a national museum to honor Jamaica’s musical heritage.
Personal Life and Beliefs
A deeply spiritual man, Burning Spear embraced Rastafarianism, which profoundly influenced his music and worldview. He was known for his reclusive nature, preferring a life away from the limelight. Despite his fame, he remained grounded in his community and culture. In his later years, he faced health challenges, including a stroke in 2020, but continued to be active in music and advocacy until his passing in 2021.
Final Years and Passing
Burning Spear passed away on March 2, 2021, at 73. His death marked the end of an era for reggae music, as he was the last surviving member of The Wailers. His legacy lives on through his extensive discography and the lasting impact he had on the reggae genre.
