Early Life and Family Background
Clara Mae Ward was born on April 21, 1924, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Gertrude Mae Ward and Henry Ward. Her mother, Gertrude, was a devout evangelist who founded the Ward Singers in 1931, a family gospel group that included Clara and her older sister, Willa. The trio, initially known as the Consecrated Gospel Singers, began performing in churches around Philadelphia, laying the foundation for what would become a legendary musical career.
Musical Beginnings and Rise to Prominence
Clara’s musical talents were evident from a young age. She began playing the piano at six and by 1934 was accompanying the Ward Trio. The group gained national attention in 1943 after a memorable performance at the National Baptist Convention in Chicago.
This exposure led to extensive touring, solidifying their reputation in the gospel community.
In 1947, the group expanded to include Henrietta Waddy and Marion Williams, and by 1949, they were recording for labels like Miltone and Gotham. Their 1950 recording of “Surely God Is Able” became the first million-selling gospel record, marking a significant milestone in their career.
Musical Style and Innovations
Clara Ward was known for her powerful contralto voice and innovative arrangements. She introduced the lead-switching style, allowing different members to take the lead during performances, which added dynamism and spontaneity to their music. This approach was previously used primarily by male gospel quartets and became a hallmark of the Ward Singers’ performances.
Her ability to convey deep emotion through her singing was evident in songs like “How I Got Over,” a reworking of a traditional spiritual that became one of her signature pieces. The song’s success was so profound that it was later covered by Mahalia Jackson.
Transition to Secular Music and Controversies
In the early 1960s, Clara Ward began performing in secular venues, including nightclubs and theaters, which was controversial in the gospel community. This shift led to a decline in her popularity among traditional gospel audiences. Despite this, she continued to perform internationally, including tours in Europe and Australia, and appeared at events like the Newport Jazz Festival.
Her versatility was further showcased in 1963 when she performed in the first gospel musical written by Langston Hughes, “Tambourines to Glory.”
Personal Life
Clara Ward’s personal life was marked by her long-standing relationship with Reverend C. L. Franklin, the father of soul legend Aretha Franklin. This connection placed her within a significant musical and cultural network.
Later Years and Legacy
Clara Ward’s health began to decline in the late 1960s, leading to her retirement from performing. She passed away on January 16, 1973, in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 48.
Despite her relatively short life, Clara Ward’s impact on gospel music was profound. She was posthumously honored with a commemorative stamp issued by the U.S. Postal Service in 1998, recognizing her contributions to American music.
